The innovative, „clean” technologies play a substantial role in obtaining sustainable development. The natural resources are a common good which everyone should take care of. The low emission technologies have a big role to play, as they lower our demand for energy, new materials, and drives (for example the hydrogen as an alternative fuel) but also the regulative aspects and the financial support.
Our habits and abilities of rational usage of energy are also important. Even its minor savings, which we make everyday matter, if a lot of persons engage in them. Each of us can do something good for our planet starting from the change of our everyday habits. Also, the economic policy has to be consistent with the goals concerning the limitations of greenhouse gas emissions. Obtaining of the considerable reduction of the emission of the harmful substances requires a universal reduction of the energy usage, the development of renewable energy and drawing up and disseminating new, groundbreaking technologies and solutions limiting in a saltatorial manner influence on the climate change. In this context, the issues of the cooperation of science and industry become an exquisitely important factor, conditioning the competitiveness and the attractiveness of manufactured products and what follows the socio-economic success.
However, some questions arise: How to engage and educate both adults and the youngest in the era of the climate crisis? How to connect the world of science with business? What motivates scientists to commertialise research? What barriers to technology transfer exist on the side of scientists and what barriers are on the side of the business? How to speak with the language of benefit?
Arising on the market with new technology and proving its efficacy to a buyer is a serious challenge for manufacturers, especially from the small and medium business sector. Because of the investment and technological risk the ones purchasing technologies, especially from the public finances sector often prefer less efficient but tested and proven solutions. The new technologies can not show references from the previous usage what seriously limits their market capabilities, especially in the context of public procurement. Furthermore, given the innovative character, the norms, certificates of conformity and technical approvals suitable for certain technologies don't reflect their innovative features which constitute their competitive advantage.
The driving force of innovativeness is not only universities generating research results but, to the same extent, also companies that deploy and process new technologies in the form of products and services offered on the market. However, it requires the change of business models, the policy of value and the mindset of the management to the inclusive, and agile attitude (in the understanding of Agile philosophy and techniques). The management of companies is aware of the fact that cooperation with the scientific circle enables speeding up the realization of the set goals.
The key to success becomes the commercialization of knowledge. It lies in ended with a success quest for practical applications for scientific discoveries. An innovator can be both the author of an invention and an entrepreneur. They also can cooperate for example establish a company whose goal will be the commercialization of the results. Thanks to the commercialization of knowledge science become more useful and entrepreneurs obtain access to knowledge. The main problem however becomes the proper formulation of the transfer of the scientific thought to the industry and at the same time the clear and precise definition of the effects expected by the business entities. In other words, it is about the same understanding and perception of the same problems and the results of the projects realized together. It is enough to say that the considerable number of companies benefiting from the support used their chance for dynamic growth exactly thanks to the innovative solutions and cooperation with the R&D centers. The success was reached also by the companies developing laboratories and innovation supporting departments on their own.
The meaningful barrier to the cooperation of science and industry is the lack of experience in the range of the applied research or development works. To a considerable extent the employees of universities occupy with the basic research. In many cases, the lack of such experience, derived from for example work in the industry, hinders the precise formulation of the banausic, conclusive findings, often enough carrying with themselves also serious financial effects. The achievement of the required level of specialistic, practical knowledge requires participation in many common projects or several years of experience in the industry from a scientist.
On the other side, the industry expects from scientists miraculous solutions which can be easily and cheaply implement into production. Therefore the meaningful matter becomes the proper education of the future engineers, including also the faculty, based on real contact with the industry for example through including students in the realization of projects and organizing practices and internships. The special role in this field can be played by the temporary and graduation works of the students of the last terms of the technical studies. Such works are realized as a part of a project, on the one hand, enables a student to gain proper knowledge and skills and on the other provides to a company contact with a university and access to the modern research base. A student comes to know the work environment of the company and partly the topics of the projects realized in it and after the completion of the studies has a chance to start work.
The problems of cooperation of science with the industry lead to the formulation of certain new models of engagement, which provide mutual benefits. Such activities have to come in different forms and its synergistic impact leads to obtaining the intended goal, which is to create innovative products on the high technological level, possible for introduction in the conditions of the Polish industry. The modern forms of the activation of the scientific cooperation and definition of the common actions, which are the organization of industrial internships for participants of Ph.D. studies and employees of universities, the creation of common environmental, research laboratories, the organization of scientific-industrial consortiums for the realization of common projects and research topics, co-organizing seminars and scientific conferences and the participation of scientific employees of a university in the Scientific Board are being developed.
The studious analysis of the current situation enables one to notice huge chances of the development of the economy based on knowledge. The share of the manufacturing industry in the Polish GDP positions itself in the exact, European forefront. We possess several of the best technical universities which educate excellent engineers. We have technical culture, grounded through decades, close relations with the very strong, German industry, it is accompanied by the information and communication technology, which is today a great chance for development. We can observe already that in the future, some of the main topics will be: the situation in the market place, the shortfalls of workers, the abilities to provide for the staff needs. In the difficulties, appearing even now on the Polish market some see not only challenges but also a chance indicating on the unused resources. The employers of the future must show openness and flexibility. I am a supporter of perceiving such potential difficulties as chances. We have an occasion to take matters in our own hands, engage in branding workers which we need.
It's time to open to a new potential, often unappreciated untill now, which is being released for example by women, immigrants, or millennials. In the upcoming 10 years the persons born in the years 1983 – 2001 (millennials, the generation Y) will make up 75 percent of workers in the world5. Employers appreciate their advantages. They engage quickly in their company life, they have ideas, they are open and tolerant and the exchange of experiences with representatives of the older generations positively influence the teamwork. Millennials differ from other generations as for their expectations towards a workplace, concepts of a carrier, and the speed of its development. They are very success-oriented, but at work, they often act very defensive, they focus on what is visible.
Generation Y claims, that it is smarter than its managers, can carry a task better, that managers are simply uninformed. The youngest generation expects feedback from their superiors. If they need help in solving a problem, they more often turn to their acquaintances for it or look for a solution on the Internet. A job is for them not only fulfilling obligations in a company – they want to become its part and have a real influence on it. As arises from the global research of Deloitte „The 2016 Deloitte Millennial Survey. Winning over the next generation of leaders”, the loyalty of the generation Y towards an organization in which they work is dependent on the ability of development, leadership skills, flexibility of conditions and a sense that a performed work has a goal and meaning6. They offer freshness and another look at the crucial problems connected with climate change. The problems they come across in their everyday work are a great workshop for them. They make them proven and ready to work in certain company candidates to hire in the first place.
The new financial perspective will create a possibility for subsequent Polish companies to implement bold solutions, enabling triumph in obtaining climate neutrality and the competition over conquering market outlets. The successes of Polish companies should set trends of development to the rest of entrepreneurs. The most important is however so as business and science not only talk with each other but also so as they started thinking and working together. Only with this assumption, the systematic growth of the innovation index of the Polish economy will become a reality and not an expectation.
Autorka: Anna Szóstakiewicz, Krajowy Ośrodek Zmian Klimatu IOŚ-PIB0
1https://greenevo.gov.pl
2https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home.html
3https://www.unglobalcompact.org/
4https://www.unprme.org/
5https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokolenie_Y
6https://www2.deloitte.com/al/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/2016-millennialsurvey.html